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Home > News > How to make Lithium Battery for Scooters and Three-Wheelers

How to make Lithium Battery for Scooters and Three-Wheelers

2020-05-07

How to make Lithium Battery for Scooters and Three-Wheelers


Self-Balancing Scooter Batteries: Typically have a voltage of 36V.


Two-Wheel Electric Vehicles: Divided into electric bicycles and electric motorcycles 


Electric Bicycles: Voltages are generally 36V or 48V. 36V models are gradually being phased out.


Electric Motorcycles (E-mopeds): Voltages are generally 48V, 60V, and 72V. Voltages of 84V and 96V also exist but are rare. Since the implementation of the new national standard for electric vehicles, 84V and 96V models have virtually no market space.


Electric Tricycles: Voltages are generally 48V, 60V, and 72V.



Key Considerations for Production:


Voltage Matching: Battery voltage must match the vehicle's requirements.

Capacity Flexibility: Capacity can be adjusted based on the customer's required driving range.


Common Question from Trainees: "Will using a higher capacity battery damage the controller or motor?"

Answer: Increasing capacity does not risk damaging the motor or controller. The current in the circuit is controlled by the controller, not determined by the battery capacity. 

(Topics related to motors, controllers, and mechanical parts are covered in electric vehicle repair tutorials and won't be discussed here).


Approximate Driving Range by Common Battery Specification:

Battery Specification Driving Range (km)

48V / 20AH 40 – 50

48V / 30AH 80 – 90

48V / 32AH 85 – 95

48V / 40AH 100 – 110

48V / 50AH 110 – 130

60V / 20AH 45 – 55

60V / 32AH 90 – 100

60V / 40AH 105 – 120

60V / 50AH 115 – 135

72V / 20AH 50 – 60

72V / 32AH 95 – 115

72V / 40AH 110 – 130

72V / 45AH 120 – 140

72V / 50AH 130 – 160

72V / 75AH 190 – 220


(Note: Ranges are for reference only. Actual range is affected by road conditions, wind, controller settings, etc.)


BMS (Protection Board) Matching:

Electric Bicycles: ~30A BMS.

Electric Motorcycles (E-mopeds): ~40A BMS.

Electric Four-Wheelers: ~60A BMS.


Recommendation: Refer to the current limit parameter on the controller.

Lithium Battery Production for Low-Speed Four-Wheelers (LSVs)

Production is fundamentally the same as for two-wheelers and three-wheelers. Key emphasis for four-wheelers:

Controller Current Limit: Often not labeled. Use a BMS rated for 150A to 200A current.

High Locked-Rotor Current: Due to potentially high stall (locked-rotor) currents, the current-carrying capacity of the busbars connecting the cells must be thoroughly considered during battery assembly.

Range Estimation: Driving range can be roughly estimated at 1 km per Ah (e.g., a 100Ah battery ≈ 100 km range).

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